• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device and method for protecting crops (3) against frost damage, wherein a first air flow (2) is generated above the crops (3) from a warm air layer to a soil air layer in which said crops (3) are located, the orientation of these air flow (2) has an inclination (α) that is between 1 ° and 25 ° with respect to a horizontal plane. According to the invention, a second air stream (8) is generated above the crops (3) and below said first air stream (2) with an orientation showing a smaller inclination (β) relative to the horizontal plane than said first air stream (2), wherein the orientations of said first and second air stream (2,8) are chosen such that these air streams flow together gradually (2,8).
    公开号:BE1025695B1
    申请号:E2017/5823
    申请日:2017-11-13
    公开日:2019-06-11
    发明作者:Praet Marnix Van
    申请人:Agro Systems Bvba；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and device for protecting agricultural crops and / or fruit crops against frost damage
    The invention relates to a method for protecting crops, such as agricultural crops and / or fruit crops, from frost damage, wherein a first air flow is generated above the crops from a warm air layer that extends above the crops, which air flow is directed to a bottom air layer in which said crops are located, wherein the warm air layer contains air with a temperature higher than that of air from the bottom layer, wherein the orientation of this air flow shows an inclination comprised between 1 ° and 25 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.
    Frost damage to crops is usually caused by the occurrence of night frost, which usually occurs in windless weather. A cold still air layer is formed on the surface of the earth, whereby warm air rises to higher air layers. A well-known technique for avoiding frost damage consists of installing fans that suck in warm air from a higher air layer and distribute it among the crops. However, the air circulation generated by such fans only covers a fairly small area, so that relatively many fans must be provided for protecting a specific area against frost damage. Such fans are, for example, placed at a mutual distance of 50 meters. In addition, these fans sometimes give insufficient results with heavy night frosts, when the cold air layer that connects to the earth's surface has a relatively high height.
    The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method and a device which allow to achieve greater efficiency with fans for avoiding frost damage in order to allow a larger surface to be protected than with the existing methods and techniques, whereby the in addition, it is possible to protect crops against very severe night frosts.
    For this purpose, a second air flow is generated above said crops and below the first air flow with an orientation showing a smaller inclination relative to the horizontal plane than the first
    2017/5823
    BE2017 / 5823 air flow. The orientations of both air flows are hereby chosen such that these air flows intersect and gradually merge.
    Advantageously, the orientations of said first and second air flows extend substantially in the same vertical plane or extend approximately in the same vertical plane.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, said second air flow is generated in a substantially horizontal orientation.
    According to an interesting embodiment of the method, the orientations of said first and second air stream are rotated simultaneously and synchronized about a vertical axis.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the second air stream is heated with the aid of a heat source.
    Preferably, an orientation is imposed on said first air stream with an inclination comprised between 1 ° and 15 ° with respect to a horizontal plane, more particularly an inclination comprised between 1 ° and 6 °. This orientation shows, in particular, an inclination of the order of magnitude of 3 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.
    In a special way, in the method according to the invention, the spread of hot air from said hot air layer over said crops is increased by creating a venturi effect with said second air stream to enhance flow of this hot air.
    The device, according to the invention, comprises first flow means for drawing in air and generating a first air flow with a downwardly oriented orientation which shows an inclination with respect to a horizontal plane comprised between 1 ° and 25 °. The device is characterized in that it also comprises second flow means that allow to generate a second air flow, said second flow means being located below said first flow means and allowing to generate a second air flow with an orientation that shows a smaller inclination with respect to the horizontal plane than this van
    2017/5823
    BE2017 / 5823 said first air stream such that said first and second air stream intersect and gradually merge.
    Preferably, said first flow means and said second flow means are mounted on a common substantially vertical pole, the second flow means being provided between the first flow means and a base of the pole which can be anchored to the bottom.
    Other details and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of some specific embodiments of the device and method according to the invention. This description is only given as an example and does not limit the scope of the protection claimed; the reference numerals used hereinafter refer to the attached figures.
    Figure 1 is a schematic perspective representation of an earth surface on which crops have been planted and where a device, according to the invention, for preventing frost damage has been placed.
    In this figure, the same reference numerals refer to the same or analogous elements.
    The invention provides a solution for protecting crops such as flowering fruit trees or other agricultural crops against damage caused by night frost.
    It is well known that when night frost occurs, a still air layer with a low temperature is formed at the earth's surface around the crops. Higher air layers then often have a higher temperature that is above freezing. But due to the absence of wind, these air layers are not mixed and the cold air layer that connects to the earth's surface causes frost damage to the crops present.
    Figure 1 shows a method and a device that allow to reduce or completely prevent frost damage.
    As is already known according to the prior art, an air flow 2 is generated by means of flow means 1 which causes hot air to flow from a higher-lying warm air layer to a bottom air layer. The crops 3 to be protected are located in this soil air layer that connects to it
    2017/5823
    BE2017 / 5823 Earth surface 4. Said hot air layer extends above crops 3 and has a temperature above freezing point, while said bottom air layer has a temperature below freezing point when night frost manifests itself.
    Said first flow means 1 are located above the crops 3 and are, preferably, formed by a fan 5. In the embodiment shown in the figure, this fan 5 comprises a propeller with two propeller blades.
    Thus, according to the invention, a first air flow 2 is generated from the warm air layer towards the bottom air layer, wherein this air flow has an orientation, represented by arrow 6, with an inclination α which is understood to be between 1 ° and 25 ° with respect to a horizontal flat.
    The invention is further provided with second flow means 7 allowing to generate a second air flow 8 above said crops 3 and below said first air flow 2 with an orientation, indicated by arrow 9, showing a smaller inclination β with respect to the horizontal plane than those of said first air flow 2. The orientations of the first air flow 2 and of the second air flow 8 are chosen such that these air flows 2 and 8 intersect each other and gradually flow together as the distance to the flow means 1 and 7 increases.
    Optionally, the second air stream 8 is generated in a substantially horizontal orientation, with the inclination angle β of Figure 1 approximating 0 ° or 0 °. In general, it can be stated that the inclination angle α is greater than the inclination angle β, as shown in Figure 1.
    These second flow means 7 are located below the first flow means 1 and above the crops 3. Thus, these second flow means 7 may possibly extend in said bottom air layer if night frost should manifest itself.
    The presence of the second air flow 8 ensures that a venturi effect is created, wherein warm air is sucked in from the first air flow 2 by the second air flow 8. This ensures that the range of the air flow 2 generated by the first flow means Becomes 1
    2017/5823
    BE2017 / 5823 so that hot air is spread over a greater distance between the crops 3. The device according to the invention thus allows hot air from said first air stream 2 to be spread over a distance of approximately 150 m between the crops 3.
    Because this second air flow 8 has a reinforcing effect on the first air flow 2, it is possible to generate this first air flow 2 with an orientation 6 that shows a relatively small inclination α relative to a horizontal plane.
    This inclination α is thus preferably understood to be between 1 ° and 15 °, for example, between 1 ° and 10 °. Usually this inclination α is between 1 ° and 6 ° and is, in particular, of the order of 3 °.
    The orientations of both air flows 2 and 8, as indicated by the arrows 6 and 9, preferably extend substantially in the same vertical plane. Thus, the orientations of said first and second air streams 2 and 8 extend according to intersecting lines.
    In general, the invention therefore relates to a method and a device wherein, in addition to the first air flow 2, a second air flow 8 is generated above the crops 3, which causes a venturi effect to be created that, on the one hand, air from said higher situated first air flow 2 sucks and, on the other hand, sucks in cold air from the bottom layer and sets this bottom layer in motion. In this way the second air stream 8 therefore ensures that cold air from the bottom layer is mixed with warmer air from the first air stream 2 and with possibly heated air from the second air stream 8. This mixed air spreads between the crops so that the temperature of the air in the soil layer rises and so that frost damage to the crops 3 is avoided.
    In order to cover as large a surface as possible with hot air originating from said hot air layer, the orientations of said first and second air streams 2 and 8 are rotated about a vertical axis. This is preferably done simultaneously and synchronously, wherein said first and second flow means 1 and 7 rotate simultaneously through an angle of 360 ° along a horizontal plane.
    2017/5823
    BE2017 / 5823
    According to an interesting embodiment of the invention, at least said second air stream 8 is heated with the aid of a heat source. To this end, said second flow means 7 comprise, for example, a burner which makes it possible to ignite a liquid or gaseous fuel in order to heat the second air stream 8.
    The second flow means 7 comprise at least one fan and are formed, for example, by an axial fan 10.
    When these flow means 7 contain a heating element in the form of a burner, as described above, they form, for example, a hot air gun or a heat gun 10 where gaseous or liquid fuel from a vessel 11 is burned in order to generate heat that is released to the second air stream. 8.
    The heating element can optionally also be formed by an electrical resistor.
    Heating the air in the second air stream 8 also has the advantage that the air humidity is lowered so that the development of fungi on the crops is slowed down. In addition, this ensures that the quality of pollen from the crops is preserved and that this quality is not reduced by an excess of moisture.
    The first flow means 1 and the second flow means 7 are rotatably mounted about a vertical axis 12. In this case, drive means (not shown in the figure) are provided which allow the flow means 1 and 7 to rotate about this axis simultaneously and synchronously.
    To this end, the flow means 1 and 7 are, for example, mounted on a common vertical pole 13 which is anchored to the bottom 4 and whose axis coincides with said vertical axis 12. The second flow means 7 are herein provided between the first flow means 1 and the earth surface 4 or the base of the pole 13. More specifically, the second flow means 7 are positioned between the first flow means 1 and the top of the crops 3.
    Thus, in an embodiment of the device according to the invention, the pole 13 itself, together with the flow means 1 and 7, can rotate around
    2017/5823
    BE2017 / 5823 undergoes the shaft 12, while, in another embodiment, each of the flow means 1 and 7 rotates around the post 13 during its rotation.
    Because the flow means 1 and 7 can be subjected to a synchronous rotation around the axis 12, it is possible to cover crops 3 in a 360 ° area around the pole 13 with a warm air flow and thus protect against night frost. Partly due to the reinforcing effect of the second air flow 8 on the first air flow 1, it is thus possible to cover a much larger area with a single device than is the case with prior art systems, and this at a cheaper price. way.
    In a concrete embodiment of the invention, the post 13 has a height of 10 to 11 meters and the fan 5 which forms said first flow means 1 is attached to the upper end of the post 13. The propeller of the fan 5 herein has, for example, a total length of 6 meters so that it can cover a circle with a diameter of 6 meters. The total height of the device, according to this specific embodiment of the device, is then of the order of magnitude of 13 to 14 meters.
    The invention is of course not limited to the embodiments of the method and the device for protecting crops against night frost described above and presented in the accompanying figure. Thus, for example, not only can a heating element be provided at the second flow means 7, but in addition a heating element may optionally also cooperate with the first flow means 1.
    Furthermore, the flow means 1 and 7 can be placed on a mobile installation or they can be provided on a pole permanently anchored in the earth's surface.
    The flow means 1 and 7 can of course cooperate with temperature measuring instruments that allow to measure the air temperature on the earth surface 4, the temperature between the crops, at the level of the first flow means 1 and / or the second flow means 7. The flow means 1 and 7 can then, for example, come into operation when the measured temperatures give cause for this.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    Conclusions
    A method for protecting crops (3) such as agricultural crops and / or fruit crops against frost damage, wherein a first air stream (2) is generated above the crops (3) from a warm layer of air extending above the crops (3), to a soil air layer in which said crops (3) are located, wherein the warm air layer contains air with a temperature higher than that of air from the soil layer, wherein the orientation of this air stream (2) shows an inclination (a) included between 1 ° and 25 ° with respect to a horizontal plane, characterized in that a second air flow (8) is generated above said crops (3) and below said first air flow (2) with an orientation showing a smaller inclination (β) relative to the horizontal plane then said first air stream (2), wherein the orientations of said first and second air stream (2,8) are chosen such that these air streams flow together gradually (2,8), where The said second air stream (8) is heated with the aid of a heat source.
    [2]
    Method according to claim 1, wherein the orientations (6,9) of said first and second air streams (2,8) extend substantially in the same vertical plane.
    [3]
    Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the orientations (6,9) of said first and second air flows (2,8) extend according to intersecting lines.
    [4]
    The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said second air stream (8) is generated in a substantially horizontal orientation.
    [5]
    Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the orientations (6,9) of said first and second air stream are rotated simultaneously and synchronously with respect to a vertical axis (12).
    [6]
    Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an orientation (6) is imposed on said first air stream (2) with an inclination (a) between 1 ° and 15 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.
    BE2017 / 5823
    [7]
    Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an orientation (6) is imposed on said first air stream (2) with an inclination (α) between 1 ° and 10 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.
    [8]
    Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an orientation (6) is imposed on said first air stream (2) with an inclination (α) included between 1 ° and 6 °, in particular of the order of magnitude of 3 ° , relative to a horizontal plane.
    [9]
    The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein spreading of hot air over said crops (3) from said hot air layer is increased by creating a venturi effect with said second air stream (8) to prevent flow of this hot air to strengthen.
    [10]
    Device for protecting crops (3) such as agricultural crops and / or fruit crops against frost damage, wherein it comprises first flow means (1) for sucking air in and generating a first air flow (2) with a downward orientation (6) ) which has an inclination (α) with respect to a horizontal plane included between 1 ° and 25 °, characterized in that this device comprises second flow means (7) which allow to generate a second air flow (8), said second flow means ( 7) are located below said first flow means (1) and allow to generate a second air flow (8) with an orientation (9) showing a smaller inclination (β) relative to the horizontal plane than that of said first air flow (2) ) such that said first and second air stream (2,8) intersect and gradually merge, said second stream means (1,7) cooperating with a heating element to roaming means (1,7) to heat supplied air and thus generate a heated air flow.
    [11]
    Device according to claim 10, wherein the orientations (6,9) of said first and second air streams (2,8) extend substantially in the same vertical plane.
    [12]
    Device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein said first flow means (1) comprise at least one fan (5).
    [13]
    Device according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein said second flow means (7) comprise at least one fan.
    BE2017 / 5823
    [14]
    Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein said first and / or second flow means (1,7) cooperate with a heating element to heat air supplied by the flow means (1,7) and thus generate a heated air flow.
    [15]
    Device according to any of claims 10 to 14, wherein said first flow means (1) and said second flow means (7) are rotatably mounted about a vertical axis (12), drive means being provided about the flow means (1,7) simultaneously and moving synchronously about this axis (12).
    [16]
    Device according to one of claims 10 to 15, wherein said first flow means (1) and said second flow means (7) are mounted on a common substantially vertical pole (13), said second flow means (7) being provided between said first flow means (1) and a foot of the pole (13) which can be anchored to the bottom (4).
    [17]
    Device according to any of claims 10 to 16, wherein said second flow means (7) allow to generate an air flow with a substantially horizontal orientation.
    [18]
    Device according to one of claims 10 to 17, wherein said first flow means (1) and said second flow means (7) allow to generate a first air flow (2) and, respectively, a second air flow (8) whose orientations (6 , 9) intersect.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1025695A1|2019-06-06|
    BE1025695A9|2019-06-26|
    BE1025695B9|2019-07-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2846816A|1954-10-01|1958-08-12|Ralph P Maloof|Air handling and heating apparatus|
    US5305548A|1992-11-12|1994-04-26|Siebol James R|Orchard heat exchanger|
    US20150024674A1|2013-07-18|2015-01-22|Michael McGregor|Agricultural frost protection using induction fans|
    CN105475058A|2015-11-28|2016-04-13|江苏吟春碧芽股份有限公司|Plant assisting anti-frost device|
    法律状态:
    2019-07-03| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20190611 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE20175823A|BE1025695B9|2017-11-13|2017-11-13|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AND / OR FRUIT GROWTH AGAINST FROST DAMAGE|BE20175823A| BE1025695B9|2017-11-13|2017-11-13|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AND / OR FRUIT GROWTH AGAINST FROST DAMAGE|
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